Thursday, August 27, 2020
Conflict Resolution for Perspectives from the Lines -myassignmenthelp
Question: Examine about theConflict Resolution for Perspectives from the Lines. Answer: Presentation ManagementDue to Kashmir issues, psychological oppression has expanded step by step which is influencing the life of individuals antagonistically. Alongside this, the paper clarifies that how Kashmir struggle may influence the achievement and development of India and Pakistan. The key on-screen characters which are associated with Kashmir strife has been talked about in the undertaking. Further detail of the assignment has been expressed underneath. Strife among India and Pakistan India is a surely understand nation in South Asia and it is a seventh greatest nation on the planet estimated by territory. It is a just nation having second most noteworthy populace. The current populace of India is approx 132.42 crores (Indiapopulation, 2018). Moreover, it keeps up great and dynamic culture on the planet. Then again, Pakistan is an Islamic nation in South Asia and it is a fifth most crowded nation on the planet. It is 33rd greatest nation estimated by zone (Labourwatchpakistan, 2018). Because of different clashes among India and Pakistan, different Muslims kept on living in India. The different issues among India and Pakistan incorporate atomic danger, atomic contention, war of Kargil, Kashmir transformation (Merrills, 2017). Probably the greatest issue between two nations is Kashmir insurgency that impacts the tasks of both the nations. The equipped opposition broke out in the province of Jammu and Kashmir in 1989. Thus independent gathering were established. Kashmir issue is a regional issue among Pakistan and India that was begun in 1947 after the segment of both the nations. Because of this contention, individuals are battling for opportunity in todays period. Alongside this, this contention likewise has become a significant test for Indian government (Merrills, 2017). Different issues are being looked by India because of contention issue. Exchange and the travel industry is influencing and economy of the nation is additionally confronting a few difficulties. India can't bear the cost of more framework extends because of Kashmir struggle (Mushtaq, 2015). Also, Kashmir is a center piece of the Indian culture accordingly; any division may be influenced the Indian association. India is persistently attem pting to involve most pieces of Kashmir while the Pakistan is discrediting such a regional occupation. Pakistan oversees and controls a piece of the domain and simultaneously Pakistan disproves Indias guarantee. Because of contention issue, different issues and difficulties are being looked by both the nations (Zia Syedah, 2015). Strife circumstances and key on-screen characters in struggle The Kashmir strife presents an extremely intricate circumstance in India and Pakistan which may impact the relations of both the nations. The administration of both the nations investigates this contention so individuals comprehend this issue and resolve it. Alongside this, India consistently claims to be a legitimate leader of Kashmir (Gadda, 2014). At present, India can't know and comprehend that how to keep up quietness and harmony in the district. Because of Kashmir strife, Pakistan has had the option to acquire chances to hit the India. Kashmir strife additionally impacts the power of India. Alongside this, Kashmir is extremely wonderful and appealing spot for different travelers both from India and outside India. On the off chance that Kashmir strife isn't settled, at that point India will lose the Kashmir the travel industry. Additionally, it makes pressures between both the nations. Moreover, India had spent immense sum on Kashmirs framework, passages, scaffolds and building a great deal of streets. In the event that the nation loses Kashmir, it can turn into an extraordinary misfortune for India. Addition and control of Kashmir by Pakistan won't be an invite move for Kashmiri young people. Accordingly, it would make savagery in Kashmir (Kohli and Mittal, 2016). Kashmir struggle is one most perilous flashpoint for India since it is expanding psychological oppression in India. As of now, psychological oppressor assaults are going on because of Kashmir issue. Psychological warfare is the greatest cerebral pain for both the nations. Mahatma Gandhi assumed gigantic job in parcel of India and Pakistan. Hence, he was the fundamental player in India and Pakistan parcel. J.L. Nehru and M.A.Jinnah additionally assumed significant job in Kashmir struggle. Presently five gatherings are battling in Kashmir, for example, Hizb-ul-Mujanhideen, Jaish-e-Mohammad, Lakshar-e-Tayyiba, Harakat-ul-Mujahideen and Al Badr. They are supporting Pakistan to deal with the Kashmir issue. Alongside this, the ideological groups incorporate The Jammu and Kashmir popularity based opportunity party and The Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party. These gatherings advertiser and supporters self guideline for Jammu and Kashmir. The Indian ideological groups incorporate The Indian National Congress and The Jammu and Kashmir National gathering party (Hussain, 2015). Patterns, improvement and sources in compromise India and Pakistan should make powerful and one of a kind plans, arrangements and systems to determine Kashmir struggle. Different suggestions have been given to deal with these issues that are examined underneath. India and Pakistan ought to connect unreservedly chose agents of the Kashmiri individuals and all accomplices in Kashmir dealings. The administration should make severe principles and laws to dispense with this contention. The legislature ought to give pay to death toll and private property. It will assist with decreasing clash in Kashmir. Aside from this, the universal organizations must advance and empower manageable financial turn of events. The slopes are critical for both the nations in this way; the nations should control the slopes on the grounds that these slopes are significant for armed forces. Head administrator Modis government is getting choices to contact Muslim pioneers in different pieces of the nation. Each activity of Pakistan must be all around archived before any disciplinary counter move is made. Modis government contribute approx 320 crore for recovery of the Kashmir vagrants. Also, both the nations ought to comprehend the way of life of one another to keep up complementary relationship. Likewise, the administration should make ideal conditions to permit the tranquil return of all displaced people to Kashmir. All administration records and procedures will be available to general society and the press to settle Kashmir struggle. India and Pakistan ought to set up an autonomous system for a nonpartisan outsider examination of human rights infringement. Alongside this, both the provinces should look for imaginative and creative arrangements in regarding Kashmiri goals. What's more, interesting and successful understanding must be made to deal with Kashmir strife. End On the previously mentioned examination, it tends to be presumed that Kashmir struggle is one of the risky issue in India and Pakistan which may impact the amicability and tranquility of both the nations. Albeit, different guidelines and guidelines have been made by both the nations yet shockingly the nations are neglected to determine this issue. Viable plans, rules and procedures must be made by nations to deal with and resolve this issue. References Gadda, D.N., 2014. 'Halfway Journalism'- - An investigation of national media of India and Kashmir conflict.Trends in Information Management,10(1). Hussain, T., 2015. Kashmir dispute.Regional and Ethnic Conflicts: Perspectives from the Front Lines,41. Indiapopulation, 2018. Populace of India 2018 [Online]. Accessible at https://indiapopulation2018.in/. [Retrieved on eighth April 2018). Indiatvnews, 2018. 11steps taken by Modi govt to make sheltered, secure [Online]. Accessible at https://www.indiatvnews.com/governmental issues/national/11-steps-taken-by-modi-govt-to-make-india-safe-secure-31753.html. [Retrieved from eighth April 2018] Kohli, R. what's more, Mittal, K.L., 2016.Developments in Surface Contamination and Cleaning: Methods for Surface Cleaning(Vol. 9). William Andrew. Labourwatchpakistan, 2018. About Pakistan 2018 [Online]. Accessible at https://labourwatchpakistan.com/about-pakistan/. [Retrieved on eighth April 2018] Merrills, J.G., 2017.International contest settlement (sixth release). Cambridge college press. Merrills, J.G., 2017.International contest settlement. Cambridge college press. (pp.66-67) Mushtaq, U., 2015. The political economy of Intra-Kashmir Trade.Progress in Development Studies,15(2), (pp.139-153). Zia, A., Syedah, H., 2015. Utilization of print media for compromise and harmony assembling: A contextual investigation of Kashmir dispute.NDU Journal, 161-180.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Oedipus, Antogone, And Media :: essays research papers
Systematic ACCOUNT OF A RUNNING THEME à à à à à ââ¬Å"All the individuals who were intended to kick the bucket have passed on: the individuals who trusted a certain something, the individuals who accepted the opposite thing, and even the individuals who thought nothing by any means, yet were up to speed in the web without knowing why.â⬠This specific statement by Jean Anouilh, creator of Antigone, helped me pick destiny, one of the all the more intriguing underlining subjects in each of the three plays: Oedipus the King, Antigone, and Medea, as the point for my paper. Regardless of how hard the heroes or foes in each play attempted to change the destiny of the heroes, they fizzled and destiny assumed control over the chain of occasions. At the point when people attempt to change what is outside their ability to control, they frequently fizzle and exacerbate the issues even than before as communicated by the creators of the three plays. à à à à à When Oedipus was destined to Laius and Jocasta, their joy was hindered by a terrible prescience: Oedipus will murder Laius and wed Jocasta when he grows up. The mind-set in Thebes changed from happy to serious for the lord decided to have his own child executed so he could stay alive. Considering the circumstance from Laiusââ¬â¢ perspective, it isn't hard to comprehend his activities however the simple certainty that he attempted to challenge destiny makes his activities appear to be amusing and skeptical. By tinkering with destiny, Laius caused the passing of Jocasta, and Oedipusââ¬â¢ visual impairment and expulsion notwithstanding the occasions brought about by destiny. In Antigone, Anouilh depicted Creon along these lines as Sophocles depicted Laius. The two of them contributed more harm than advantage to the heroes and their families with their ââ¬Å"noble intentions.â⬠à à à à à When Antigone disregarded the law made by Creon and attempted to cover the body of her sibling, Creon ought to have requested her to be murdered immediately. Since he attempted to convince Antigone to disregard the body of her sibling and wed his child, which was against her destiny, his arrangement didn't work out. One may think Antigone, being of honorable blood and getting an opportunity to wed a ruler, was crazy to endanger her life while agonizing over a dead body however Antigoneââ¬â¢s destiny was to pass on battling for regard of her family. By deferring her demise, Creon accidentally caused the passing of his better half and child. Jason attempted to meddle with Medeaââ¬â¢s destiny and lost his life just as the life of his friends and family.
Friday, August 21, 2020
How to Be Anxious
How to Be Anxious Create less. Consume more. Crave nonessentials. Regard everything as precious. Refuse to let go. Stare at the rearview. Espouse cynicism. Feign sincerity. Channel surf. Watch the news. Peruse social media. Inhabit the email inbox. Focus on productivity. Compare achievements. Yearn for success. Forsake sleep. Forgo exercise. Seek quantity. Disregard quality. Hide from fear. Reject help. Hold grudges. Flout gratitude. Ignore friendships. Expand the to-do list. Embrace perfectionism. Stay busy. Hurry. Take on debt. Go to the mall. Fabricate goals. Raise expectations. Lower standards. Overpromise. Underdeliver. Spend more. Save less. Rely on handouts. Shun contribution. Think only about self. Ruminate on the unchangeable. Say yes to everything. Subscribe to The Minimalists via email.
Monday, May 25, 2020
East Asia is a diverse region housing some of the largest...
East Asia is a diverse region housing some of the largest nations in the world as well as some of the smallest. Remarkably, over the past 20 years, the region of East Asia has experienced overwhelming success and growth rates. East Asia currently ranks as one of the top regions in the world in terms of economic success and growth. According to Thomas Leipziger, (Leipziger, 3) The East Asian countries have a record of maintaining political and economic stability and of pursuing long-term economic goals. The success of East Asia has led to much scrutiny over the role of the Government contributing towards its success. Although there might be many factors involving the success of East Asia, it is reasonably fair to say thatâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The key indicators of macroeconomic stability are factors such as low inflation, reasonable tax rates, low deficits, and a stable, competitive currency. These factors are also necessary for long-term growth. This proves that macroeconomic stability is essential and needful for sustained growth in an economy. The countries of Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, and China, have become top rankers in terms of success and wealth globally. The author will explore the success of each individual nation and explain how their governmentsââ¬â¢ role has played a part in their success. Singapore is one of the worldââ¬â¢s most highly developed countries. It is also one of the least corrupt countries worldwide. This is mainly due to its governmentââ¬â¢s efficiency in running its tiny little island state. The government of Singapore tightly controls the nationââ¬â¢s economy and infrastructure. Being a small country with very little to no natural resources, Singapore has to rely on its trading as part of its main source of revenue. The Government has managed to strengthen its trade ties worldwide and boasts one of the busiest transhipment ports in the world. The Government also focuses on large high-level domestic savings through the implementation of the Central Provident Fund or the CPF, in which its citizens are required to save a portion of their income in order to prepare for their own future needs. The governmentââ¬â¢s emphasis on mandatory education has also enabled theShow MoreRelatedDried Bamboo Leaves as an Alternative Source of Paper2723 Wo rds à |à 11 Pagesare distributed in many parts of the world. There are more than 1200 species of 50 genera of bamboo. There is approximate 22 million ha bamboo forest area worldwide that can be divided into three big divisions e.g. Asia and Pacific, America and Africa. China, India, Southeastern Asian nations, some of nations of Africa and Latin America are rich in bamboo resource (Zhou 1998). Among them, China is richest of bamboo forest because of locating at the center region of bamboo distribution. In China, thereRead MoreEconomy of the Philippines7166 Words à |à 29 Pageseight countries that comprise Southeast Asia. A mass of thousands of islands, the country has been struggling to obtain true democracy and freedom for its citizens. After a review of the political history and demographics of the country, an in-depth analysis of the economic condition of the Philippines will be explored. Appendix A contains a map of the Philippines by different cultural regions. Econo mic topics will include Fiscal and Monetary policies, as well as a review of the peso. Next, significantRead MoreTaking a Look at Papua New Guinea3227 Words à |à 13 PagesApproximately 100 miles (160km) north of Australia, situates the second largest island in the south pacific called Papua New Guinea; occupying the eastern half of the rugged tropical island of New Guinea and some 700 offshore islands. With its comparative area size slightly larger than California, Papua New Guinea is about 287,595 miles in total area, of which 281,394 miles is land and 6,201 miles is water and accumulative of 3,201 miles of coastline. The central part of the island is composed ofRead MoreTerm Paper-Lowes Bd 10-Year3567 Words à |à 15 PagesIntroduction As Loweââ¬â¢s seeks new international markets to expand its highly successful home improvement model, the opportunities in the Asia market provide a unique untapped region. In Korea, recent political changes have opened its economy to foreign investors and businesses. Koreaââ¬â¢s strong economic growth provides Loweââ¬â¢s with the ideal situation of opening up stores before their competitors. Based on research I conducted, this assessment considers the potential of expanding Loweââ¬â¢s into the KoreanRead MoreImpact Of The Neoliberal Era And The Structure Of The Modern Financial System3397 Words à |à 14 PagesIntroduction The 1982 Latin America, 1997 East Asia and 2008 subprime financial crisis had a profound impact on the regional and world real economy. two sentences about how big of an impact each of them had on the real economy. These crisis have also triggered off a very fierce debate about the impact of the neoliberal era and the structure of the modern financial system. From the neoclassical perspective each of these crisis required a new model to explain past events but it always viewed the crisisRead MoreCaterpillar Company Analysis Essay4206 Words à |à 17 PagesCaterpillar Inc. Caterpillar Incorporated is the worldââ¬â¢s largest producer of construction and mining equipment, diesel and natural gas engines, and industrial gas turbines. Caterpillars headquarters are located in Peoria, Illinois,à United States. The company operates in three principal lines of business: machinery, engines, and financial products. The machinery segment includes the design, manufacture, marketing, and selling of all kinds of machinery such as; tractors, forestry and mining machineryRead MoreBusiness in Hong Kong Essay7716 Words à |à 31 PagesHong Kong Moultre Spencer BUSI 604-International Business August 16, 2013 Presented for Frank Romanoski Abstract Hong Kong is a country with a perspective on morals, values, and administrative ways which is a general reflection of the region of Asia which is based under Chinese rule. There are successes and failures with the process of change which are important. The effects of Hong Kongââ¬â¢s financial crisis can be a recovery with structural changes, and fluctuated fortunes of political partiesRead MoreSingapore- Essay6469 Words à |à 26 Pagesprimary rainforest remaining, although more land is being created for development through land reclamation.Singapore is the world s fourth leading financial centre, and its port is one of the five busiest ports in the world. The British obtained sovereignty over the island in 1824 and Singapore became one of the British Straits Settlements in 1826. Occupied by the Japanese in World War II, Singapore declared independence, uniting with other former British territories to form Malaysia in 1963, althoughRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words à |à 656 PagesLinda Shopes, eds., Oral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Read MoreMuseums Essays10752 Words à |à 44 Pagespeople understand and appreciate the natural world, the history of civilizations, and the record of humanityââ¬â¢s artistic, scientific, and technological achievements. Museums collect objects of scientific, aesthetic, or historical importance; care for them; and study, interpret, and exhibit them for the purposes of public education and the advancement of knowledge. There are museums in almost every major city in the world and in many smaller communities as well. Museumsà offerà manyà benefits to their visitors
Thursday, May 14, 2020
The Foundations Of Racial Capitalism, Imperialism And...
The foundations of racial capitalism, imperialism and colonialism have significantly shaped the existence of African people, and those of the diaspora. As a result of these institutions, the history and implementation of slavery and colonialism have had lasting effects that are essential to the current position of Black folk in Africa and the diaspora; altering the way we view ourselves, our country and the world. Throughout different moments in history, Black folk have equated freedom and liberation with equality, justice, and the right to live as you wish. By looking at the Reconstruction period, colonialism in the continent of Africa and the Black Internationalist movement, I intend to demonstrate the progression of the ideals that begin as freedom, but evolve into new ideals of liberation. Showing that liberation is both a process and a destination for Black folk of the diaspora. During the period of slavery in the United States, Black folks perceived the emancipation as the resolution to freedom and equality bringing about the rights to literacy, political power and the right to own property. Once administered, it failed to offer all of the privileges that come with being free. Following emancipation, the Reconstruction period intended to rebuild the government anew and improve civilization. Slavery had been abolished, but the lives of the newly freed slave were not free from rule or intervention by White folks. With Reconstruction came a host of new problems forShow MoreRelatedGandhis Critique of Colonialism and His Definition of Swaraj1279 Words à |à 5 PagesRe: What is Gandhis critique of colonialism and how does he define Swaraj? Use the class readings. Western colonialism was a political-economic phenomenon whereby various European nations explored, conquered, settled, and exploited large areas of the world. (Encyclopedia Britannica). Gandhis critique of British colonialism was grounded in a rejection of cultural and racial supremacy; capitalism or socioeconomic inequality; and materialism. Gandhi employed the concepts of Swaraj and satyagrahaRead MoreImperialism in India6601 Words à |à 27 Pagesof imperialism are both positive and negative. The positive effects are banning inhumane traditional practices such as sati and the dowry system, promoting widow remarriage and prohibiting child marriage. The negative effects are that Britain caused the traditional industries to crash. Also, poverty increased. British officials were paid out of the India treasury. Imperialism drained Indias wealth. It destroyed India economically and politically. India became dependent due to imperialism. ItRead MoreModern Environmental Degradation And Exploitation3639 Words à |à 15 Pagesforefront, protesting the harmful practices that, in the name of profit, degrade the natural splendor and resources of our planet. Since every transformative process bears the scars of revolution, Marx argues that, in emerging from the shackles of capitalism, socialism or the ââ¬Å"first phaseâ⬠of communism will bear the birthmarks of the previous order. Thus, each worker will be given credit for his contribution. When these changes transform the society and socialism extends throughout the world, humanityRead MoreBook Review Whatever Happened to the Real America?2663 Words à |à 11 Pagesleadership is one reason, religion more notably Christianity which turned there citizens attention to the afterlife, and also through imperialism its military was simply too big for it to keep going. The last society we will discuss is European who contributed banking and credit facilities, factory systems, specialized labor as well as the start of modern capitalism. This society fell from both internal and external factors. Dr. Gosine tells us what he means by internal and external factors. ByRead MoreNotes18856 Words à |à 76 PagesChapter 4 Colonialism and the African Experience Virtually everything that has gone wrong in Africa since the advent of independence has been blamed on the legacies of colonialism. Is that fair? Virtually all colonial powers had ââ¬Å"colonial missions.â⬠What were these missions and why were they apparently such a disaster? Did any good come out of the African ââ¬Å"colonial experienceâ⬠? Introduction Colonization of Africa by European countries was a monumental milestone in à the developmentRead MoreNon State Actors ( Nsa ) Essay1884 Words à |à 8 Pagessuch as Eritreaââ¬â¢s independence from Ethiopia and reconciliation between Israel and the Palestinian Liberation Organization and Karl Marx who came up with an analytical approach to the class struggle (historical and then-present) and the problems of capitalism and the capitalist mode of production, rather than a prediction of communism s potential future forms. Individuals can also have a negative impact on the international system, such a scenario is A. Q. Khan where he confessed to selling nuclearRead MoreLenin13422 Words à |à 54 Pagesto workers soviets. Faced with the threat of German invasion, he argued that Russia should immediately sign a peace treatyââ¬âwhich led to Russia s exit from the First World War. In 1921 Lenin proposed the New Economic Policy, a system of state capitalism that started the process of industrialisation and recovery from the Russian Civil War. In 1922, the Rus sian SFSR joined former territories of the Russian Empire in becoming the Soviet Union, with Lenin elected as its leader. After his death, Marxismââ¬âLeninismRead More Garveyism and Rastafarianism Essay3979 Words à |à 16 Pagesalthough not members of the Universal Negro Improvement Asscioation (UNIA), they agreed with and defended the principals for which Garvey stood. Essentially, Garveyism provided the ideological premise for the Rastafari movement, and out of this foundation, we see the Rastafari religion evolve. Stemming from many of the ideas that Garvey pursued through the UNIA, but adapting them in different ways, we see the Rasta ideology evolve into a realm it calls its own. It is the spiritual side of the RastafariRead MoreCultural Diversity At The Heart Of The Society5484 Words à |à 22 Pagestraditions all living and interacting together harmoniously. Most developed countries of the world (like the U.S., Britain, etc.) have benefited immensely from diversity throughout its their long history histories of exploration, capitalism, democracy, imperialism and colonialism and as a result are extraordinarily diverse. are currently one of the most culturally diverse countries of our time ! However, many countries of the world are yet to value and appreciate cultural diversity as a means of promotingRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words à |à 656 Pageslight cigarettes sold by the British American Tobacco Company and lamps filled with Standard Oil kerosene so that they could see more clearly while using their Singer sewing machines. The Indian countryside was also decisively transformed by colonialism and integration into global marketsââ¬âalbeit with policies that at times made Indians less mobile rather than more so. But the 30 â⬠¢ CHAPTER 1 holistic relations of migration, goods, and money that characterized the Atlantic system were
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
The Drawbacks of Craving Wealth in The Necklace, by Guy de...
ââ¬Å"The Necklace,â⬠by Guy de Maupassant, is set in old-age France, at that time wealth is very important, and social class was even more. France that time was a city ruled by classicism, where one had to be introduced into society no matter, their beauty, income, or grace. The story is about a young and beautiful middle class woman who wanted to be a part of the upper-class society through her husband and her rich friend but ends up destroying her life in vain. One day she received an invitation to a ball, she buys a new dress and borrows a necklace from her friend, and after the ball she found out that she had lost the necklace. She is not able to admit the error to the friend who lent it, so she borrowed monies from friends, family and loan sharks to buy a matching replacement. While spending 10 years in poverty, toiling to repay the debt of replacing the necklace, she bumped into an old friend and found out that the necklace was costume jewelry. The main character in the story, Mathilde Loisel, was very unsure of herself. She did not accept her existence, she believes that the she has is a ââ¬Å"mistake of destinyâ⬠that leads her to live her life in a constant rebellion against her circumstances. She felt cursed to have such beauty and grace with no class to go with it. She has been finicky. She is so unsatisfied that she is virtually oblivious of everything but the wealth she does not have. She did not realize the fact that she has a comfortable life and a loving husband. She is
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Flashbacks and Foreshadowing in a Rose for Emily free essay sample
A Rose for Emily Analysis Piecing Together the Puzzle: Flashbacks and Foreshadowing in A Rose for Emily William Faulkner incorporates flashbacks and foreshadowing into the plot of ââ¬Å"A Rose for Emily,â⬠to create an aura of suspense. Faulkner presents the life of the main character, Emily Grierson, in a seemingly disorganized manner, as the author wrote the events out of chronological order. The format of his story confuses the reader, and adds a level of mystery into the plot. The story begins at the end of Emilyââ¬â¢s life, her funeral. The narrator appears as a citizen of the town attending. He or she expresses how Miss Emilyââ¬â¢s unpopularity doesnââ¬â¢t affect the turnout, ââ¬Å"When Miss Emily Grierson died, our whole town went to her funeral: the men through a sort of respectful affection for a fallen monument, the women mostly out of curiosity to see the inside of her house, which no one save an old manservantââ¬âa combined gardener and cook- had seen in at least ten yearsâ⬠(Faulkner 1). We will write a custom essay sample on Flashbacks and Foreshadowing in a Rose for Emily or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The quote sets the story up for a flashback, as one immediately wonders about the mystery behind the interior of the house. In the next paragraph Faulkner depicts her home as following, ââ¬Å"It was a big squarish frame house that had once been white, decorated with cupolas and spires and scrolled balconies in the heavily lightsome style of the seventies, set on what had once been our most select street. â⬠(Faulkner 1). The author describes Miss Emilyââ¬â¢s residence, as ââ¬Å"decorated with cupolas and spiresâ⬠(Faulkner 1), which installs in the readerââ¬â¢s mind a depiction of a luxurious property. Through the narratorââ¬â¢s thoughts, Faulkner expresses the magnificence of the house which stood twenty years ago, and then brings the reader back to present, by illustrating the houseââ¬â¢s current outward appearance. The flashback allows the reader to gain a full understanding of the significant change which happened to Miss Emily during her transition from young adulthood to an elderly woman, as the author employs the house as an emblem of Miss Emilyââ¬â¢s life. Throughout the story, flashbacks explain the relationship between Emily and her father. In the second section, the story jumps back to when Emily was just turning thirty years old. The author portrays Miss Emily as ââ¬Å"a slender figure in white in the backgroundâ⬠(Faulkner 2), to show her beauty and innocence when she was younger, and proceeds to describe her father as ââ¬Å"a spraddled silhouette in the foreground, his back to her and clutching a horsewhip, the two of them framed by the back-flung front doorâ⬠(Faulkner 2). The previous quotes clear up the mystery to why Miss Emily behaves so strangely. One can assume her father hovered over her as a domineering figure in Emilyââ¬â¢s life, and she doesnââ¬â¢t know how to blend in socially without him to guide her. ââ¬Å"The Griersons held themselves a little too high for what they really were. None of the young men were quite good enough for Miss Emily and suchâ⬠¦ So when she got to be thirty and was still single, we were not pleased exactly, but vindicated;â⬠The purpose of the flashback was to show her relationship with her father, and explain why she never entered a marriage. Her father deflects every suitor who attempts to court Emily, as a result she never experienced the joy of being in love. The reader may find the relationship between Homer Baron and Miss Emily suspect, as the previous quote describes how her family agrees no man was good enough for her. The suspense exacerbates as it causes the reader to doubt the success of Miss Emily, and Homerââ¬â¢s relationship. As the plot evolves, the reader will come to recognize the quote foreshadows into the reason Emily murdered Homer Baron. Driven by a desperate fear of loneliness, she killed Homer to circumvent the risk of him leaving her. The section of the story in which Miss Emily bought the arsenic also supports the theory of her killing Homer. The passage says, ââ¬Å"The druggist looked down at her. She looked back at him, erect, her face like a strained flag. ââ¬Å"Why, of course,â⬠the druggist said. ââ¬Å"If thatââ¬â¢s what you want. But the law requires you tell what you are going to use it for. â⬠Miss Emily just stared at himâ⬠(Faulkner 4). The reader already knows Miss Emily as a disturbed old woman; these lines in the story add suspense as they suggest she may do something atrocious with the arsenic. Faulkner writes about every significant event which occurs in Miss Emily Grierson life; however they are not in sequence. The reader must piece together which parts of the story are happening in real time, and which parts are flashbacks. The flashbacks of the story are important, as they give you background information, about Emily, her family, and her lifestyle. A rose for Emily is a puzzle, a puzzle the reader must put together, in order to properly understand the ending.
Monday, April 6, 2020
Employee Compensation and Benefits. Senior Secretary at Capital Nursing Home Limited (CNH)
Introduction Employee compensation and benefits characterize an investment from which an organization derives value. In this regard, it is imperative for the company to manage this investment in line with the overall organizational strategy as opposed to writing it off as an expense.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Employee Compensation and Benefits. Senior Secretary at Capital Nursing Home Limited (CNH) specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In view of hiring the new senior Secretary for Capital Nursing Home Limited, it is important to design and implement a compensation and benefits plan that will not only attract competent candidates, but also ensure that the company receives the best service from the employee attributed to motivation (Kouzes Posner, 2012). This will ensure that the company retains skilled and competent employees thus reducing the rate of employee turnover (Massey Gary, 1992). Senior Secretar y Total Compensation The following is the proposed personalized compensation plan for the Senior Secretary at Capital Nursing Home Limited (CNH). The proposal indicates the contributions CNH will make towards the Total Compensation package. The proposal demonstrates that the value of the employeeââ¬â¢s benefits augmented with the annual salary and provides the total compensation. This is to illustrate to the employee how much his/her service is valued at CNH. Senior Secretary Job Description The Senior Secretary will have the responsibility for the general supervision specifically in assisting all tasks associated with systematic operations of the physician practice. The secretaryââ¬â¢s duties will include receiving phone calls in a pleasing and receptive manner and direct the calls suitably (U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2013). Qualifications The position for Capital Nursing Home Senior Secretary entails standard secretarial responsibilities. In addition, it r equires the creation of rapport among the company departments for organizational efficiency, handling of petty cash and other minor duties. The potential candidates SHALL meet the qualifications outlined below to be considered eligible.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The position needs two (2) years of secretarial training in a recognized institution or completion of secretarial training or equal business knowledge, skill and familiarity. The candidate MUST possess at least three years of experience in related field. A Bachelor degree in relevant fields is desirable. The candidate must be computer literate with an International Computer Driving License and have the capacity to type 55-65 words per minute. Domestic Compensation and Benefits Remuneration The successful candidate for the position of Senior Secretary shall receive a competitive package that includes compen sation and benefits. The initial annual base pay is $40,000. Other cash benefits (Annual bonus) will total to $1,200 while the company paid benefits will sum to $18,940. The total compensation for the new senior secretary is $60,140 annually. The breakdown for the remuneration is as indicated below. Benefits The total annual benefits for a senior secretary as paid by the company amount to $20,140. These include $18,940 Company-Paid Benefits and $1,200 Annual Cash Bonus. Insurance Benefits Insurance is essential as it covers the employee against most workplace mishaps (Guo Burton, 2010). Retirement Benefits The company shall contribute towards the senior secretaryââ¬â¢s retirement benefits. Time Off benefits The company shall pay the secretary $3,538 as personal time off benefits. Mandated Benefits The company shall meet its legal requirements according to the Federal Law by paying the following towards the secretaryââ¬â¢s benefits (All amounts in dollars). Federal Unemploymen t is $56; State Unemployment is $184, and Workerââ¬â¢s compensation 1,512. All these amount to $1,752.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Employee Compensation and Benefits. Senior Secretary at Capital Nursing Home Limited (CNH) specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Special Benefits It is important for the candidates to note that the corporation exclusively contributes towards this. In fact, this is to ensure that the senior secretary performs his/her duties conveniently for self and company performance, growth and development. These benefits encourage employees to work harder, commit to duties and be loyal to the institution (International Society for Performance Improvement, 2013) Total Compensation Package CNH as a competitive employer offers its employees competitive packages to ensure it retains the most competitive workforce in the healthcare industry. The total compensation package for the position of Sen ior Secretary includes the base pay ($40,000) and the company-paid benefits and cash ($20,140). This amounts to the total annual compensation of $60,140. The company-paid benefits represent 68 percent of the senior secretaryââ¬â¢s total benefits. The company-paid benefits and the annual cash bonus represent an extra 50 percent of the secretaryââ¬â¢s base pay. Additional Company Perks Basically, perks by the company initially include coffee services, company picnics, team bonding and annual holiday retreats (Krueger, 1990). Additional perks shall be given upon the evaluation of the secretary performance and negotiations with the human resource manager. Benefit Perspectives In order for the company to retain its competitive edge, it is critical to be creative in view of the benefits (Schneider, 2008). It is imperative to present employees with improved access and value of the benefits. The company should ensure that it allows the secretary to access the benefits immediately they are hired (SHRM, 2013). Indirect non-financial compensation The culture of CNH will be contributed to by the employment structures including the compensation rewards system. It is imperative to ensure that the program aligns with the company strategic goals (Stewart Brown, 2012). Recent research indicates that the contemporary changing and increasingly competitive healthcare industryââ¬â¢s inventiveness and flexibility draws and maintains highly skilled and competent workforce including expatriate (Burns-Green, 2013).Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion Contemporarily, it is a prerequisite for companies to reward employees for new ideas, superior performance and creativity for them to be innovative in a way that will help the company achieve its organizational strategic goals. This will be attained by putting in place a compensation and benefits program that reflects the changing economic times and the need for companies to attract and retain highly skilled employees. In order to retain employees for a long period as opposed to recruiting new workforce frequently, the company should offer annual bonuses. It is also plausible to tie the salaries to the tenure of employment. References Burns-Green, C. (2013). Consistent flexibility- The challenges of managing expatriate benefits. Benefits Magazine, 1(3), 12-19. Guo, X. Burton, J. (2010). Workerââ¬â¢s compensation: Recent developments in moral hazard and benefit payments. Industrial and Labor Relations Review. 63(2), 340-355. International Society for Performance Improv ement (2013). General format. Web. Kouzes, J., Posner, B. (2012). The leadership challenge: How to make extraordinary things happen in organizations. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Krueger, A. (1990). Incentive effects of workersââ¬â¢ compensation insurance. Journal of Public Economics. 41(1), 73ââ¬â99. Massey, R. Gary, L. (1992). Compensation packages for farm employees. Web. Schneider, J. (2008). Recent court decision sheds new light on ERISAââ¬â¢s top hat plan exemption. Journal of Financial Service Professionals, 1(2), 34-37. Stewart, G. Brown, G. (2012). Human resource management. Danvers, MA: John Wiley Sons, Inc. SHRM (2013). General format. Web. U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (2013). General format. Web. This case study on Employee Compensation and Benefits. Senior Secretary at Capital Nursing Home Limited (CNH) was written and submitted by user Samara C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.
Sunday, March 8, 2020
Music Or Suicide Professor Ramos Blog
Music Or Suicide There are many ways that you can define suicide and how it affects us as individuals. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, there are three different types of suicides. Suicide is defined as death caused by self-directed injurious behavior with intent to die as a result of the behavior. Suicide attempt is a non-fatal, self-directed, potentially injurious behavior with intent to die as a result of the behavior. A suicide attempt might not result in injury. And lastly Suicidal Ideation refers to thinking about considering, or planning suicide. We learn suicide in many different ways, such as listening to music, on television, the acts of another person, bullying, encouragment and many more. Our main focus will discuss how music affects teenagers and adolescents causing and leading them to self-harm and kill themselves. According to the American Foundation of Suicidal Prevention, There is no single cause for suicide. Suicide most often occurs when stressors and health issues coverage to create an experience of hopelessness and despair. Depression is the most common condition associated with suicide, and it often undiagnosed or untreated. Conditions like depression, anxiety, and substance problems, when unaddressed, increase risk of suicide. Some of the things that we can look out for when looking for signs of suicide is the behaviors of another person. Statistics have proven that suicide is the tenth leading cause of death in the U.S. for all the ages. In 2017, 47,173 Americans died by suicide and 1,400,000 Americans attempted suicide. There were twice as many suicides in the United States then there were homicides. Among females, the suicide rate was highest between the ages of 45-54, and males aging 65 and older(American Foundation of Suicidal Prevention, Suicide Statistics). There have been many situations of teens killing themselves, because of the encouragement of what artists sing in their music. 2 Famalies Sue Heavy-Metal Band As Having Driven Sons To Suicide, written by Larry Rohter gives an example of two young Nevada men who shot themselves two days before christmas listening to albums by the heavy metal band Judas Priest. Another incident was the traumatic suicide that led to over 100 suicides was the ââ¬Å"Gloomy Sundayâ⬠, by RezsÃ
â Seresss. According to Ranker by Jessica M. Thomas. In 1933, it was soon known worldwide as the cursed song, ââ¬Å"A social reality of 1980s America was a significant rise in the teen suicidesâ⬠(Jessica M. Thomas). There were many deaths from this song that those that killed themselves had held the lyrics to the song on a note paper as a suicide note. The song was banned in many places because of the increase of suicides. As a result according to Centre for Suicide Prevention, Some commentators claimed that certain emo groups promoted negative behaviors such as cutting, self-harm, and even anorexia. There was a growing fear that positive perceptions of suicidal behaviour were rising, and that this new media was helping to spread its message at alarming rates (Ovell 2011). We also may not forget the case of a 19 year old John McCallum, who shot himself to death while listening to Ozzy Osbourneââ¬â¢s song ââ¬Å"Suicidal Solutionâ⬠. (Robert Olson). Let us also take a look at the songs that also encourage suicide, for instance the band Blink 182 ââ¬Å"Adams songâ⬠speaks ââ¬Å" The choice was mine, I didnââ¬â¢t think enough, im to depressed, to go on, youââ¬â¢ll be sorry when I am gone.â⬠This song not only spoke of him not being able to continue with his life, soon after a year later after its release a 17year-old survivor of the Columbine High School shooting used it to soundtrack his own suicide. The song Tonight I Will Retire by Damien Jurado sings ââ¬Å" Tonight I will retire to these hands of the revolver and I donââ¬â¢t fear death, I will commitâ⬠¦ Sure me not I deserve to dieâ⬠. Him shooting himself to forget about the pain that he feels, and that is the only way for him to feel happy. Alone Again Naturally by Gilbert Oââ¬â¢ Sullivan ââ¬Å" I promise to treat myself and visit a nearby tower and climbing to the top will throw myself off.â⬠Writing this song of a bride leaving him at the altar, of a broken heart, his only way to end his pain was by throwing himself off a building. And lastly Papa Roachââ¬â¢s song Last Resort he sings in his song ââ¬Å"Cut my life into pieces this is my last resort, Suffocation no breathing dont give a fuck if I cut my arm bleeding.â⬠The song convinces teenagers to question if living is worth it or is it better to commit. These songs as of thousands of more have encouraged those to end their life or try to attempt. We listen to the songs without even realizing what they are saying until the lyrics are right in front of us. In conclusion to the effects of music taking away the life of teenagers or adults, instead of encouraging them to look for the help we are only telling them it is okay to give up and doubt yourself. Taking your life away is the only way that you will find happiness. I believe that after the research we see how much suicide has increased even on its own. When the suicide rates started increasing Logic, Alessia Cara and khalid came out with the song (1800)273-8255, which is the number to the suicide hotline. The song encourages men and women to look for help and remind them that taking their life wonââ¬â¢t fix the problem. In the song it also includes both point of views that sometimes itââ¬â¢s okay to question who you are nssd question life, but theres always someone out their who cares about you. If we can encourage young women and me. Or at any age to believe that they have a purpose the death rates and attempts would be lessened and could help many more look for the help that they need.If we can stop industries from publishing the songs that speak upon death or attempt it then we can encourage those to find help. Work Cited Overell, R. (2010). Emo online: Networks of sociality/networks of exclusion. Perfect Beat, 11(2), 141-162. Retrieved from academia.edu/763999/Emo_ online_networks_of_sociality_networks_of_exclusion ââ¬Å"Risk Factors and Warning Signs.â⬠AFSP, 14 Nov. 2018, afsp.org/about-suicide/risk-factors-and-warning-signs/. Rohter, Larry. ââ¬Å"2 Families Sue Heavy-Metal Band As Having Driven Sons to Suicide.â⬠The New York Times, The New York Times, 17 July 1990, nytimes.com/1990/07/17/arts/2-families-sue-heavy-metal-band-as-having-driven-sons-to-suicide.html. ââ¬Å"Suicide, Rock Music and Moral Panics.â⬠Centre for Suicide Prevention, suicideinfo.ca/resource/musicandsuicide/#references. ââ¬Å"This Cursed Song Drives People To Suicide And You Can Listen To It Right Now.â⬠Ranker, Vote on Entertainment Movies Tv Celebrity Comedy Horror behind the Scenes Nostalgia What to Watch Music Rock Hip Hop Country Metal Pop Music Singers Albums Music History Nerdy Gaming Comics Anime Cartoons Toys Tech Space Science Sports Nfl Soccer Nba Baseball Hockey College Sports Combat Sports Athletes Living Beauty Fashion Family Relationships Pets Home Career Automotive History Politics World History Us History Royalty War Mysteries Historical Figures Ancient History Culture Art Travel Books Deep Thoughts LGBTQ Astrology Funny Social Media Food Cooking Beverages Libations Fast Food Snacks Restaurants Healthy Eating Secret Menu Items Channels Total Nerd Weird History Button Mash Graveyard Shift Anime Underground Weird Nature Unspeakable Crimes Weirdly Interesting Video Shop, ranker.com/list/gloomy-sunday-song-curse/jessika-gilbert.
Friday, February 21, 2020
Power and Office Politics Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Power and Office Politics - Case Study Example The paper also seeks to outline the possible underlying agendas that the superiors of Green may have in relation to the case. As finality, the paper seeks to provide recommendations to use in the resolution of the dilemma through means that benefit all parties. The research focused on the two conflicting professionals and how their differences have affected their relationship. Key words: personality, work style, conflict, superior Introduction Thomas Green was a Senior Market Specialist of the Eastern region in the North America branch of the Travel and Hospitality Division of Dynamic Displays who held the office after his promotion that became effective as of September 10, 2007 at the age of 28. Prior to this, Thomas was an account executive in the companyââ¬â¢s Banking Division, where he sold ATMs to Southeast regional banks (Beckham and Sasser, 2013). He held the same post in the Travel and Hospitality Division when he first joined Dynamic Displays in 2007. Thomas Green holds a bachelorââ¬â¢s degree in Economics from the University of Georgia class of 2001 as his qualification. At the same time, Frank Davis held the position of Marketing Director for the organizationââ¬â¢s Travel and Hospitality Division, which was senior to the position held by Thomas Green. At the time, he was a 17-year veteran of the organization at the age of 45 having risen through the ranks from the position of an accountant executive. A bachelorââ¬â¢s degree in history from the New York University in 1986 and a Sawyer Business School, Suffolk University Executive MBA in 2002 served as his qualifications for the job (Beckham and Sasser, 2013). Thomas Green is answerable to Frank Davis who in the situation is his boss. After undergoing rapid promotions through the ranks, Green is criticized by Davis. The criticism arises from the differences that the two have in terms of their work styles and personalities that results in the two having differing views on the best methods to use to attain the ends of the required work (Beckham and Sasser, 2013). The situation results in a silent conflict that threatens the success of the division. The conflict threatens to destroy the working relationship of the two, which would impede the attainment of the goals of the company (Pfe?eri and Falcone et al., 2013). The methods incorporated by the two are both convenient for attaining company goals and the conflict is resolvable if only the two take steps to mend the relationship. Work styles and personalities of Thomas Green and Frank Davis The work styles that Davis and Green incorporate in their approaches to achieve the required ends are different. The personality traits of the two professionals also tend to differ. Davis applies the use of facts and hard data in the form of charts, memos, and proposals as well as a strategy in the presentation of proposals in an attempt to sway clients (Beckham and Sasser, 2013). He believes this will assure clientsââ¬â¢ confidenc e in their investments. Green on the other hand is a practical person favoring face-to-face meetings with clients to sell the ideas to them in a manner that sways them into trusting his ideasà (Hbr.org, 2013). The idea of using charts, memos, and proposals as the core strategy does not augur very well with Green. Davis also believes in the following of procedure as a style of working requiring Green to
Wednesday, February 5, 2020
Quantitative Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words
Quantitative Research - Essay Example This paper tries to analyze critically of two academic papers published in the European Journal of Business Management. One paper is titled ââ¬Å"The Impact of Structural Capital on Business Performance in Jordanian Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Companies.â⬠The other is titled ââ¬Å"The Effects of Customer Prospecting Methods on Sales Force Performance.â⬠The papers have been selected to consider how they have approached their respective research methodologies to deal adequately with the research questions, but are analyzed separately. Both methods of research analysis will be considered; quantitative and qualitative, on how much they were used. The objective of the analysis is that it will try to highlight both the advantages and disadvantages of the research methodology used to arrive at the aims, objectives, and design and to propose an alternative strategy. This will result in either agreeing with the methodology or proposing a better methodology which could have adeq uately delivered on the research question. ... He sought to determine the influence of Structural Capital (SC) on Jordanian Pharmaceutical Manufacturing (JPM) Companiesââ¬â¢ Business Performance. The study surveyed 132 managers by administering a questionnaire. Statistical techniques such as descriptive statistics and correlation were used. According to the paper, to confirm the suitability of the data collection instrument, a Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test, Cronbachââ¬â¢s Alpha and factor analysis as they were used. The findings were that there were significant positive relationship between SC and JMP Companiesââ¬â¢ BP. This indicates that, SC performance can be clearly explained productivity and profitability more than market valuation. Objectives and rationale As a major research question of the study is to find out, ââ¬Å"if there is a relationship between the direct impact of SC and JPM organizationââ¬â¢s business performance.â⬠The main objective is to provide useful recommendations about performance measur ement within SC context by identifying and trying to define the main attributes of productivity. This will extend to the quality of SC by pointing out critical factors of SC and to find out suitable ways for measurement and management context. The study developed a hypothesis which states that there is no significant impact SC on JPM organizationââ¬â¢s BP. It went further to divide the hypothesis into three mini hypotheses. The first states that there is no significant impact of systems and programs (S&P) on JPM Companyââ¬â¢s BP. The second hypothesis states that ââ¬Å"there is no significant impact of research and development (R&D) on JPM Companyââ¬â¢s BP.â⬠The last is that, there I no significant
Tuesday, January 28, 2020
Concepts Of Time And Eternity
Concepts Of Time And Eternity Before beginning to look at time and eternity it is necessary to ask two questions; what is time and what is eternity? Eternity is most often thought of as existence for a limitless amount of time although many use it to mean a timeless existence altogether, an existence outside of time itself. So our concept of eternity is in many ways dependant on our concept of time. So then what is time? This has been discussed and pondered by many philosophers beginning with Aristotle, who speculated that time may be motion. He did however add that motion could be slower or faster but time could not be, it was a constant. Aristotle obviously did not know about Einsteins theory of relativity in which time can also change. Also when Einstein was working on his theory of general relativity and proposed his then revolutionary idea that mass can curve space, he was not aware that the universe was expanding. So our concept or definition of time is still something which, with our further discoveries of how the Universe is constructed, we are still developing. So we will then take a look at how time and eternity have been viewed historically by philosophers and how this has been developed up to the present day. Let us first take a look at the progression of our concept of time. In ancient Greek philosophy Plato speaks about the Demiurge. The demiurge is a term for an artisan-like figure which is responsible for the fashioning and maintenance of the physical universe. The demiurge however is not the creator figure in the monotheistic religious sense, both the demiurge itself and the material from which the demiurge fashions the universe are considered either uncreated and eternal, or the product of some other being. Plato speculates that the Demiurge creates order in the universe. The Demiurge is a force that provides order and stability of a kind and has an important place in Platos thought on time. In the Timaeus, several possible arguments can be chosen concerning the nature, beginning or indeed no beginning of time. Aristotle in contrast to Plato tries to prove in his Physics, that time neither has a beginning nor an end. His main argument revolves around the point that time or motion always was. If something that had the qualities of motion of movement existed, then it would either have to have been in constant movement or begun to move. Therefore, something that begins must too end. That the heaven as a whole neither came into being nor admits of destruction, as some assert, but is one and eternal, with no end or beginning of its total duration, containing and embracing in itself the infinity of time, we may convince ourselves not only by the arguments already set forth but also by a consideration of the views of those who differ from us in providing for its generation.à [1]à For Aristotle time can have no beginning or end. Something which begins cannot continue on for eternity. His thought also applies to ideas such as the beginning of the world, since for the world to change, or begin, G od or the Creator would have to be subject to a god changing his mind but this would be impossible. Simply put the idea of their being a beginning to time is contrary to Aristotles thought. If we go back to Augustine, we see the importance of Scripture in the Confessions. Therefore in relation to time, if we take the following passage from the Book of Genesis, then we shall see the basic workings or the initial starting point for Augustines theory on time. In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was hovering over the waters. And God said, Let there be light, and there was light.à [2]à It is clear that in the beginning there must have been a first step taken for the world and indeed the universe to come into existence, and this was the will of God. Augustine begins Book XI by asking O Lord, since eternity is Yours, are You ignorant of the things which I say unto You? Or see Thou at the time that which comes to pass in time? Why, therefore, do I place before You so many relations of things?à [3]à Augustine appears to be afraid that God is somehow frozen in Eternity, truly without change, without any role to play. However, he does take comfort in the hope that we also pray, and yet Truth says, Your Father knows what things you have need of before you ask Him. (Matt 6:8)à [4]à So God will provide for Augustine, or at least he hopes and believes having red scripture that God provides for him. So too has God given us the world and the universe. That he has created all of these things is enough for Augustine, as he says in Chap. 4 of book XI They [the heavens and the earth] also proclaim that they made not themselves; therefore we are, because we have been made; we were not therefore before we were, so that we could have made ourselves.à [5]à Here we see Augustine marvel at God in his creation of the universe. For Augustine he is trying to show how time came into existence with the creation of Heaven and Earth. God created this universe and everything in it and time, as we know it, began with creation, In the beginning. Yet there are some questions that need to be answered as St. Augustine shows us. And no times are co-eternal with You, because You remain for ever; but should these continue, they would not be times. For what is time? Who can easily and briefly explain it? Who even in thought can comprehend it, even to the pronouncing of a word concerning it? But what in speaking do we refer to more familiarly and knowingly than time? And certainly we understand when we speak of it; we understand also when we hear it spoken of by another. What, then, is time?à [6]à This is a very good question, but is there an answer? Augustine does not seem to be able to find one. When he comments on people who ask what God was doing before time began he says Behold, I answer to him who asks, What was God doing before He made heaven and earth? I answer not, as a certain person is reported to have done facetiously (avoiding the pressure of the question), He was preparing hell, says he, for those who pry into myst eries I boldly say, That before God made heaven and earth, He made not anything. For if He did, what did He make unless the creature? And would that I knew whatever I desire to know to my advantage, as I know that no creature was made before any creature was made.à [7]à Augustine does try to explain eternity being a moment of time, But should the present be always present, and should it not pass into time past, time truly it could not be, but eternity.à [8]à Time then, as opposed to eternity, is always moving and it is always in motion, as Aristotle said. Eternity, however, remains constant, unchanging and complete. But still we are left with that seemingly simple question; what is time? If we look at time as motion, constantly moving on, then we can look at past time or uture time. It is difficult to try and make any concrete claims over the issue of past, present and future. For example, if we say that the past day has been a long one, are we not talking about a day or a state that no longer exists? This is also the case if we speak about the future. How can we comment on the future, e.g. it will be a cold week or a warm day, if it does not exist. But can we measure time in the present? Augustine launches into discussion of the present time that shows the futility to grasp what time is. But we measure times passing when we measure them by perceiving them; but past times, which now are not, or future times, which as yet are not, who can measure them? Unless, perchance, any one will dare to say, that that can be measured which is not. When, therefore, time is passing, it can be perceived and measured; but when it has passed, it cannot, since it is not.à [9]à Augu stine continues to narrow down the present time into days, hours, moments, heartbeats and eventually into a single moment, If any portion of time be conceived which cannot now be divided into even the minutest particles of moments, this only is that which may be called present; which, however, flies so rapidly from future to past, that it cannot be extended by any delay. For if it be extended, it is divided into the past and future; but the present has no space.à [10]à We have come to a stage whereby it is almost pointless trying to even understand time, whether past, present or future. Augustines discussion on time is impressive but he is faced with that question again, that still has not been answered. What is time? It is too difficult, perhaps impossible, to offer plausible explanations. The answer to the question of time is to be found, paradoxically, outside of time.. in eternity We exist in this temporal world, but do not understand fully what time is to us. We are simply not in a position to fully comprehend time. After much searching, debating and discussing, Saint Augustine slowly winds down to a prayer, a prayer of acceptance and hope. You unchangeably eternal, that is, the truly eternal Creator of minds. As, then, Thou in the Beginning knew the heaven and the earth without any change of Your knowledge, so in the Beginning Thou made heaven and earth without any distraction of Your action. Let him who understands confess unto You; and let him who understands not, confess unto You. Oh, how exalted are You, and yet the humble in heart are Your dwelling-place; for Thou raisest up those that are bowed down, and they whose exaltation You are fall not.à [11]à God exists outside of Time. Time is a creature created by God. Gods Will is not temporal like our own. That Eternal God exists allows for everything we know. So, we ask again, what is time? According to Augustine, and other Christian writers and thinkers, It is a creation, just like you or me. We exist in it and travel in this temporal world, universe towards something. What that something is, in Christianity anyway, is eternity. So then we now ask ourselves the question, what is eternity? Concepts of eternity have developed along with the development of the concept of God in a Western context. Eternity has been viewed in history both as timelessness and as everlastingness and following the work of Boethius and St. Augustine divine timelessness became the dominant view. The two views were however very different. Boethius presented the idea of divine eternity as straightforward and relatively problem-free, while Augustine wrestled with the idea and expresses continual puzzlement and indeed amazement at the idea of time itself and with it the contrasting idea of divine eternality.à [12]à We have already looked at Augustines struggles with what time is, but what does Boethius say? It is the common judgement, then, of all creatures that live by reason that God is eternal. So let us consider the nature of eternity, for this will make clear to us both the nature of God and his manner of knowing. Eternity, then, is the complete, simultaneous and perfect possession of everlasting life; this will be clear from a comparison with creatures that exist in timeà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦ for it is one thing to progress like the world in Platos theory through everlasting life, and another thing to have embraced the whole of everlasting life in one simultaneous present.à [13]à Boethius asks the questions about eternity in regard to providence, how can God know about something before it happens, but not then control or influence the free will which he gave to human beings? His answer is to do with the mind of God. God does not know the world in the same way that human beings do because God exists outside of time, so he doesnt view the world as a progression of events. He does not see past present and future as we might but at the same time he knows all future acts and remembers all past acts. He sees the world in one single act, which includes knowledge of every choice of every human being from the beginning of the world to the end. Therefore he doesnt influence the free will or choices of human beings but he did, and indeed does, already know them. In metaphysical terms eternity could be summed up by asking the question can anything be said to exist outside of time and space and if it can how can it and, maybe more importantly, why? Many religions say that God is eternally existent but how we understand this depends on which definition of eternity we use. God might exist in eternity which means a timeless existence where the past, present, and future just do not mean anything. On the other hand, God might exist for eternity, which means he has already existed for an infinite amount of time and will continue to exist for an infinite amount of time. There is another definition that states that God exists outside the human concept of time, but also inside of time because if God did not exist both outside and inside time he would not be able to interact with humans as he does through answering prayers etc. Whichever definition of eternity we use it is safe to say that humans cannot fully understand eternity, since it is either an infinite amount of time or something other than the time and space we know. If we use the concept of God as Creator, as a being completely independent of everything else that exists because God created everything else. If this premise is true, then it follows that God is independent of both space and time, since these are properties of the universe. So then, according to this notion, God existed before time even began, he exists during all moments in time, and he will continue to exist after the universe and time itself will cease to exist. St. Thomas Aquinas in his Summae Theoligica argues against Boethius concept of time and eternity, he says As we attain to the knowledge of simple things by way of compound things, so must we reach to the knowledge of eternity by means of time, which is nothing but the numbering of movement by before and after. For since succession occurs in every movement, and one part comes after another, the fact that we reckon before and after in movement, makes us apprehend time, which is nothing else but the measure of before and after in movement. Now in a thing bereft of movement, which is always the same, there is no before or after. As therefore the idea of time consists in the numbering of before and after in movement; so likewise in the apprehension of the uniformity of what is outside of movement, consists the idea of eternity.à [14]à He is saying that what is eternal is interminable, that it has no beginning nor end and that because eternity has no succession like time, moment after moment in past present and future, it is therefore simultaneously whole. He says also that The idea of eternity follows immutability, as the idea of time follows movement, as appears from the preceding article. Hence, as God is supremely immutable, it supremely belongs to Him to be eternal. Nor is He eternal only; but He is His own eternity; whereas, no other being is its own duration, as no other is its own being. Now God is His own uniform being; and hence as He is His own essence, so He is His own eternity. Is it therefore the case that when we speak of eternity we speak of God? Is God the only thing that can be eternal? Certainly it is true that scientifically the only things we can know are those we experience in life but eternity, although almost universally accepted as a fact, is unknowable to us at least in our lifetimes. When we go, as Christians and others believe, to eternal life after this life, then we may have knowledge of eternity as we have experience of it with God as he is, but here and now we can ask what is eternity but we can never re ally answer it. According to William Lane Craig, on a relational view of time God would exist timelessly and independently prior to creation; at creation, which he has willed from eternity to appear temporally, time begins, and God subjects himself to time by being related to changing things. On the other hand, the Newtonian would say God exists in absolute time changelessly and independently prior to creation and that creation simply marks the first event in time.à [15]à According to the Christian doctrine, still taught to this day, of creatio ex nihilo, the universe began to exist a finite amount of time ago. And this doctrine, according to Craig, receives philosophical confirmation from arguments demonstrating the absurdity of an infinite temporal regress of events and empirical confirmation from the evidence for the so-called big-bang model of the universe.à [16]à But while we might agree that the universe began to exist, does this also mean a beginning to time? If one believes that time exists separately from events in the sense that if there were no events there would still be time, then there need not be a beginning to time as it exists outside of events. To say that the universe began to exist on such a time scale would simply be to say that a finite time ago there were no physical objects. However if one accepts that time cannot exist apart from events, then this means that the beginning of events, or beginning of the universe, would also be a beginning of time. So then is eternity simply a never ending period of time? Or does it exist separately and independently of time? We might ask in regard to God what does it mean to say that God is eternal? It can mean that he exists in divine timelessness or in divine temporality. Divine timelessness is the traditional view of God as being outside of time. It is the position advocated by Augustine, Boethius and Aquinas who we have looked at and also others such as St. Anselm. Divine temporality also holds the notion that God is omniscient and omnipotent. It is important to say that Gods temporality is not to be interpreted as a limit to his power, knowledge or being. Those who uphold a divine temporality view have problems with the views of the divine timelessness of God and indeed it has recently come under criticism by some philosophers and also by some theologians. Oscar Cullmann, a theologian, wrote that Primitive Christianity knows nothing of a timeless God. The eternal God is he who was in the beginning, is now and will be in all the future, who is, who was, and who will be (Rev 1:4). Accordingly, his eternity can and must be expresses in this naive way, in terms of endless time.à [17]à Richard Swinburne, a philosopher, wrote that the claim that God is timeless seems to contain an inner incoherence and also to be incompatible with most things which theists ever wish to say about God.à [18]à In this view Gods eternalness is expressed as being everlasting, without beginning and end, but he experiences time and is therefore able to work within time, and so is involved and working in time with us. This divine temporality is indeed a modern Christian view. It has often been stated in sermons around Christmas time that the birth of Jesus, the incarnation, God becoming man, signalled God entering into time and space with us and he continues to be with us in that same way. John M. Frame states that On Christmas, we celebrate something quite wonderful: God entering our time and space. The eternal becomes temporal; the infinite becomes finite; the Word that created all things becomes flesh.à [19]à He does also note a paradox though in this notion of God entering Space and time by saying From day to day, from hour to hour, the changeless God endures change. But God the Son incarnate is still God, still transcendent. As he responds to events in time, he also looks down on the world from above time and space, ruling all the events of nature and history.à [20]à So why enter time at all? The Christian answer is that he did this to show us how much he loves us, by dying for us, in our place, so that we might have eternal life. Even now God is both God and man, forever, so that he doesnt just rule is from above, but walks with us in every step, in every experience of our lives. As Frame puts it; So Christmas reveals in a wonderful way that God acts in time as well as above it. It shows us wonderfully how God relates to us, not only as a mysterious being from another realm, but as a person in our own time and place: interacting with us, hearing our prayers, guiding us step by step, chastising us with fatherly discipline, comforting us with the wonderful promises of the blessings of Christ. Truly he is Immanuel, the God who is really with us, who is nonetheless eternally the sovereign Lord of all.à [21]à Taking Christ as a pointer to God in both eternity and in time we see in Johns Gospel Jesus say of himself Before Abraham was, I am (John 8:58). With the use of two different tenses, past in reference to Abraham and present in terms of Christ even though logically it should be past tense we are given an insight maybe into what eternity is, separate to time, at least as we know and understand it. Arthur C. Custance says in his book Time and Eternity that The really important thing to notice is that time stands in the same relation to eternity, in one sense, as a large number does to infinity. There is a sense in which infinity includes a very large number, yet it is quite fundamentally different and independent of it. And by analogy, eternity includes time and yet is fundamentally something other. The reduction of time until it gets smaller and smaller is still not eternity; nor do we reach eternity by an extension of time to great length. There is no direct pathway between time and eternity: they are different categories of experiences.à [22]à Therefore we experience time and cannot have a full understanding of eternity due to the fact it is beyond any experience we can have. So then why even ask about it, or even entertain the thought of it? Christoph and Johann Blumhardt in their book Now is Eternity give our reasons for asking about ternity quite simply when they say that The deepest need each of us has, even if we are not conscious of it, is that of eternal life.à [23]à In the book they discuss the impact that the loss of any awareness of eternity has had on the modern world. They say that for most people in todays world it is the temporal and transitory things of life that are most important for them. This is because these things are immediate, tangible, and visible. But it means that the eternal dimension of life that part of it that is divine and thus enduring is never acknowledged or sometimes never even realised that it is there. They go on to say that When eternity is forgotten, human destiny is robbed of its real significance, and the goal of life limited to the search for fulfilment on an earthly plane. Remembered, it enlarges our view and, through what is best and noblest in us, reminds us of the promise of another home on a higher plane: the world from which we come, and to which we must one day return. To be mindful of eternity is to know that our earthly existence will one day be overshadowed by the eternal reality of everlasting life.à [24]à Eternity is a part of who we are just as much as time is. We may live in time now but when we die we go to eternity, it is as much of what makes us human than anything else and therefore as we are destined for eternity we have that innate yearning and calling to know it and understand it, as with every other aspect of our being, but never will until we can experience it. When we read Augustines wonder and amazement when he is pondering time it is something qui te remarkable. It shows a man who has genuinely tried to walk the path of enlightenment. Augustine was faced with some problematic questions that were unanswerable, at least by the human mind and condition. Time is a creature that is so real in our lives, but is as fleeting as the wind, we cannot truly grasp it. Searching for time in the past, present, and future Augustine finds that it is a fruitless act. The answer to the nature of time is to be found in Eternity. That something so great, with a life span that has stretched from the beginning is a creature willed into existence by the Eternal God. That God is, guarantees our existence. God provides for Time and for Creation by His existence. We move also then to talk of eternity, if the nature of time is to be found in Eternity then we must ask what is eternity? The answer to this question then is again impossible to grasp, but the best clues to its answer are found in scripture. In the Old Testament God is referred to in the pres ent, I am, not I was or I will be but I am. This eternal state of being constantly in the present is our greatest insight into what eternity is. After wrestling with all these thoughts of time and eternity and what they are or, more accurately as we cannot fully grasp the concepts, what they might be, we are left back with Augustine and his ultimate belief that the mysteries in which he engaged only turn us towards something greater, something final, and that something is God. Ultimately the path to eternity, that is God, requires not an enlightened mind but a ready faith. We can ask all the questions we want, but in the end we must wait until we are with God, because at it says in the Eucharitic prayer at Mass On that day we shall see you, our God, as you are.à [25]à And then we shall grasp the concept of not only eternity but time and every other thing that we could not grasp here on earth, coming to true knowledge of God and therefore full knowledge of the Truth.
Monday, January 20, 2020
Stella and Ruth: Similar Women from Different Lifestyles :: Comparative, Williams, Hansberry
Although A Streetcar Named Desire, by Tennessee Williams, and A Raisin in the Sun, by Lorraine Hansberry, appear to be very different plays, there are some great similarities. Ruth, from A Raisin in the Sun, lives with her immediate family and her sister and mother-in-law in the Southside of Chicago. However, Stella, A Streetcar Named Desire, has left her family behind and moved to New Orleans. Although these two women come from very different backgrounds and are characters in very different plays, they have surprising similarities. Therefore, Ruth and Stella have similarities and differences in their overall lifestyles. Stella and Ruth share similar present living conditions but differ in their childhood lifestyles. Both women are presently living in poorer areas in small apartments. This is shown when Williams describes Stellaââ¬â¢s living situation as in ââ¬Å"the poor section [of the city]â⬠¦houses weathered gray with rickety stairsâ⬠(Williams 1) and also when Stella explains to her visiting sister Blanche, in an embarrassed tone, that there were only two rooms- ââ¬Å"this oneâ⬠¦and the other oneâ⬠(Williams 1). And in Ruthââ¬â¢s case, Hansberry describes how the apartment appeared to have been home to ââ¬Å"too many people for too longâ⬠(Hansberry 1.1). Throughout the first act, there are many descriptions made by Hansberry about the cramped situation of the apartment including a shortage of bedrooms and bathrooms (Hansberry 1.1). Although Ruth had always experienced living in these kinds of conditions (Hansberry 1.1), Stella had not. This is shown when Eunice , the woman who owns the other apartment in the complex, is discussing Stellaââ¬â¢s childhood home with Blanche (Williams 1). The home was actually a plantation called ââ¬Å"Belle Reveâ⬠and described as a ââ¬Å"great big place with white columnsâ⬠(Williams 1). Through this conversation, the reader can see that Stella now lives a very different lifestyle compared to her childhood. Therefore, although both Ruth and Stella live in similar conditions now, there are obvious differences in their upbringings. A second major similarity between the two women is their personality of being non-confrontational. Both women, in a sense, let others ââ¬Å"walk over themâ⬠. Ruth is dominated by her husband, Walter, for the most part and Stella by her husband, Stanley, and sister Blanche. When situations are tense, both characters try to avoid the confrontational subject or shy away when it is brought up. For example, when Walter adamantly keeps trying to force Ruth into supporting his business ideals at breakfast-which she doesnââ¬â¢t agree with-she tries to change the subject by repeatedly telling Walter to eat his eggs (Hansberry 1.
Saturday, January 11, 2020
Turning Points in History
A turning point is a point at which a significant change occurs that can have serious effects on the world. There are negative turning points, which effect the world in a negative way, and there are positive one's where beneficial things will come out of the change. Many turning points have occurred during history. Two examples of turning points in history are the bubonic plague in Europe and northern Africa where many died of a fatal disease, and Humanism that occurred in Europe where people valued the individual needs of the person over traditional authority. Both of these events were times of great change and effected the world on a large scale. The Black Death, also known as the Black Plague or the Bubonic Plague killed one third of the population of Europe during its reign in the 13th and 14th centuries. The arrival of this plague set the scene for years of strife and heroism. Leaving the social and economic aspect in a standstill. The phantom of death became a subject of art, music and folklore and it influenced the consciousness of the people. The impact of this mass killer caused enormous chaos and havoc to the medieval society because of its unknown origin, the unknown causes and preventionâ⬠s, its deathly symptoms and its breakdown of orderly life. As a result religion was greatly affected and changed. This event can be known as a turning point because it effected the people of the world by killing off a massive number of people during the 13 and 14th centuries. The black or bubonic plague can also be known as a turning point because it helped bring about physicians. Most explanations about the plague were based on folklore, superstition, and rumor. Blame was frequently placed on travelers and other suspicious outsiders but after careful study people now truly understood that the plague was natural and caused by such things as an infected flea and not supernatural occurrences. Now that people learned that disease and sickness can be cured only by medical means and not by supernatural occurrences, the medical industry grew and people could now be cured if they were sick. Another turning point in history is humanism during the Renaissance, which is a way of life centered on human interests or values. Humanism is a time that rejected supernaturalism and stressed an individual's dignity and worth and capacity for self-realization through reason. Humanism helped make people think for themselves and helped bring out people's differences. Humanism is or is one of the most important turning points in history. During humanism people sought better lives and sought to expand their education to understand why things happened the way they did. The Renaissance was an incredibly important turning point in Western Intellectual and Cultural Tradition. The major political changes of the Renaissance were from the old Feudal System of the Middle Ages into a more flexible and liberal class system. The great changes in Education of the Renaissance were inspired at first, by the desire of Humanists to be wise and to speak eloquently. The idea of useful education for people was part of the new defined goals of Renaissance education. People began seriously questioning what philosophers said and re-developed the Scientific Theory, in which one didn't just accept whatever was said, but tested the truth of it. Due to advanced technology artists could also now take advantage of new techniques, such as oil painting to enhance the quality of their works. It is shown the Renaissance was to great extent a major turning point in history from the Middle Ages in just about every element of the Society. The Renaissance has become the original roots of culture from the West. This was the time when people questioned the past, and decided to go back to school. In conclusion, It is shown that both of these events described are turning points and were very significant back when they occurred and now. Although many important events do occur in history, turning points don't occur all that often, and when they do they impact the world on a large scale. It has also been shown that a turning point can have positive and negative effects on history. As seen in the bubonic plague. Although many died terrible deaths the medical industry greatly expanded and now doctors were able to cure diseases. It is also shown that humanism taught people to think for themselves and question traditional authority. It also motivated the individual to learn, and become more educated. Both of these events have changed the modern and ancient world drastically.
Friday, January 3, 2020
Biography of Angela Davis, Political Activist, Academic
Angela Davis (born January 26, 1944) is a radical activist, philosopher, writer, speaker, and educator. In the 1960s and 1970s, she was well known for her association with the Black Panthers. She was fired from one teaching job for being a communist, and for a time she even appeared on the Federal Bureau of Investigations Ten Most Wanted list. Fast Facts: Angela Davis Known For: Davis is an academic and activist known for her association with the Black Panthers.Also Known As: Angela Yvonne DavisBorn: January 26, 1944 in Birmingham, AlabamaParents: B. Frank Davis and Sallye Bell DavisEducation: Brandeis University (B.A.), University of California, San Diego (M.A.), Humboldt University (Ph.D.)Published Works: Women, Race, Class, Blues Legacies and Black Feminism: Gertrude Ma Rainey, Bessie Smith, and Billie Holiday, Are Prisons Obsolete?Spouse: Hilton Braithwaite (m. 1980-1983)Notable Quote: Revolution is a serious thing, the most serious thing about a revolutionarys life. When one commits oneself to the struggle, it must be for a lifetime. Early Life Angela Yvonne Davis wasà born on January 26, 1944, in Birmingham, Alabama.à Her father B. Frank Davis was a teacher who later opened a gas station, and her mother Sallye Bell Davis was a teacher.à Davis lived in a segregated neighborhood and went to segregated schools through high school.à She later became involved with her family in civil rights demonstrations.à She spent some time in New York City, where her mother was earning a masters degree during summer breaks from teaching. Davis excelled as a student, graduatingà magna cum laudeà from Brandeis University in 1965, with two years of study at the Sorbonne, University of Paris. She studied philosophy in Germany at the University of Frankfurt for two years, then received an masters degree from the University of California at San Diego in 1968. Her doctoral study took place from 1968 to 1969. During her undergraduate years at Brandeis, she was shocked to hear of the bombing of the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, which killed four girls she had known. This Ku Klux Klan-perpetrated violence marked a major turning point in the civil rights movement, bringing worldwide attention to the plight of African-Americans in the United States. Politics and Philosophy A member of the Communist Party USA, Davis became involved in radical black politics and in several organizations for black women, including Sisters Inside and Critical Resistance, which she helped found. Davis also joined the Black Panthers and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). She was part of an all-black communist group called the Che-Lumumba Club, and through that group, she began to organize public protests. In 1969, Davis was hired as an assistant professor at the University of California at Los Angeles. She used her post to teach Kant, Marxism, and philosophy in black literature. Davisà was popular as a teacher, but a leak identifying her as a member of the Communist Party led to the UCLA regentââ¬âheaded then by Ronald Reaganââ¬âto dismiss her.à A court ordered her reinstatement, but she was fired again the next year. Activism After her dismissal from UCLA, Davis became involved in the case of the Soledad Brothers, a group ofà prisoners at Soledad Prison who were accused of killing a prison guard. Anonymous threats led her to purchase weapons for self-defense. Davis was arrested as a suspected conspirator in the abortive attempt to free George Jackson, one of the Soledad Brothers, from a courtroom in Marin County, California, on August 7, 1970. A county judge was killed in the failed attempt to take hostages and rescue Jackson, and the guns used were registered in her name. Davis was eventually acquitted of all charges, but for a time she was on the FBIs Most Wanted list after she fled and went into hiding to avoid arrest. Davis is often associated with the Black Panthers and with the black power politics of the late 1960s and early 1970s. She joined the Communist Party when Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated in 1968. Davis ran for vice president on the Communist Party ticket in 1980. Davis left the Communist Party in 1991, though she continues to be involved in some of its activities. As a self-described prison abolitionist, she has played a major role in the push for criminal justice reforms and other resistance to what she calls the prison-industrial complex. In her essay Public Imprisonment and Private Violence, Davis calls the sexual abuse of women in prison one of the most heinous state-sanctioned human rights violations within the United States today. Academia Davis taught in the Ethnic Studies department at San Francisco State University from 1980 to 1984. Although former Gov. Ronald Reagan swore she would never teach again in the University of California system, Davis began teaching at the University of California at Santa Cruz in 1991. During her tenure there, she continued to work as an activist and promote womens rights and racial justice. She has published books on race, class, and gender, including such popular titles as Angela Davis: An Autobiography, Are Prisons Obsolete?, The Meaning of Freedom, and Women, Culture Politics. When Davis retired from UCSC in 2008, she was named Professor Emerita. In the years since, she has continued her work for prison abolition, womens rights, and racial justice. Davis has taught at UCLA and elsewhere as a visiting professor, committed to the importance of liberating minds as well as liberating society. Personal Life Davis was married to photographer Hilton Braithwaite from 1980 to 1983. In 1997, she told Out magazine that she was a lesbian. Sources Aptheker, Bettina.à The Morning Breaks: The Trial of Angela Davis. Cornell University Press, 1999, Ithaca, N.Y.Davis, Angela Y.à Angela Davis: An Autobiography. International Publishers, 2008, New York.Davis, Angela Y.à Are Prisons Obsolete?à Seven Stories Press, 2003, New York.Davis, Angela Y.à Blues Legacies and Black Feminism: Gertrude Ma Rainey, Bessie Smith, and Billie Holiday. Vintage Books, 1999, New York.Davis, Angela. ââ¬Å"Public Imprisonment and Private Violence.â⬠Frontline Feminisms: Women, War, and Resistance, by Marguerite R. Waller and Jennifer Rycenga, Routledge, 2012, Abingdon, U.K.Davis, Angela Y., and Joy James.à The Angela Y. Davis Reader. Blackwell, 1998, Hoboken, N.J.Timothy, Mary.à Jury Woman: The Story of the Trial of Angela Y. Davis. Glide Publications, 1975.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)